Bacterial vaginosis: causes and symptoms, treatment and complication
Bacterial vaginosis is a dysbiosis, which develops and is localized in the vagina. From the point of view of prevalence among women the disease is one of the leading places.
To understand what we're dealing with, let's say first a few words about the microflora of the vagina, from which much depends in the development of vaginismus. Appearing as a complex ecosystem of microflora of the vagina relies on lactobacilli that play a key role in protecting the body from pathogenic microbes.
As soon as the number of lactobacilli is reduced, their place is immediately occupied by the pathogens in the first place is Gardnerella vaginalis. They in the course of their life and secrete amines, which lead to the fact that in the vagina there is an unpleasant pungent smell, resembling the smell of rotten fish.
About vaginosis without embellishment
Being a disease that affects the genitals, bacterial vaginosis always raises the question about the method of its transmission.
Important! Despite the fact that bacterial vaginosis is transmitted through sexual contact, it does not apply to a sexually transmitted disease. A microbe that is the causative agent, is present in the microflora of almost every woman.
However, intimacy plays a role in causing vaginosis. The fact that the change of sexual partner or when multiple sexual contacts, the change in vaginal microflora, and it always leads to a drop in the number of lactobacilli and increase the number of pathogenic microbes.
The causes of disease
As we have mentioned above, the change in the ratio of lactobacilli and pathogenic microbes is the main cause of vaginosis. It should be understood that no matter the presence of the microbe, it is in any case present in the vaginal flora.
In principle, such a change of the ratio and is called dysbiosis, and in relation to the internal sexual organs, bacterial vaginosis.
However, changing the ratio requires the concurrence of several factors and these include:
- Excessive, frequent douching.
- The use of drugs in the form of vaginal plugs or creams, contraceptives, which contain 9-nonoxynol.
- Contraception, condoms, which can be treated with 9-nonoxynol.
- The course of treatment with antibiotics. Despite the fact that antibiotics to cope with a specific disease, they lower the protective function, the immune system of the body.
- Change of sexual partner or excessive multiple sexual relations.
The factors that cause vaginosis can be attributed to the time of intestinal dysbiosis, as well as psychological problems, long ora constant stress. The determining factor is excessive physical exertion, fatigue.
We mentioned above oral contraceptives, especially the hormonal kind, but bacterial vaginosis can be caused by and use of IUDs.
In other words – the reasons are different, the factors are numerous but at the heart of everything lies the moment of weakened immunity, which provides an opportunity to develop pathogenic microbes.
Yes, it should be noted separately that for men bacterial vaginosis is not absolutely any danger. Moreover, even if men identified pathogenic microbes that cause vaginosis does not need treatment.
Symptoms of bacterial vaginosis
Just note that in half of the cases of bacterial vaginosis can occur completely without symptoms, and it is impossible to determine what the disease progresses.
The well not to ignore their appearance:
- The appearance of itching and burning in the genital area that cannot be removed by syringing.
- Urination frequent, and the process goes about with painful sensations in the region of the urethra. Here are a few symptoms like cystitis.
- However, the main symptom that with high probability allows to speak about vaginosis is the appearance of unusual vaginal discharge. The discharge may be white and gray, but they are distinguished by their unpleasant and pungent smell that resembles the smell of rotten fish.
- During intimacy, the woman experiences discomfort and sometimes severe pain in the vagina.
Important! Please note that when vaginosis amount of vaginal discharge increases after sexual intercourse. And they can be more dense, sticky and become yellowish.
Treatment
The treatment process vaginosis takes place in two stages:
- First it is necessary to destroy the bacterial infection, the use of antibiotics.
- The second special means restores the normal microflora of the vagina.
It is crucial to identify the disease and begin treatment, as in running, when you switch to timeline, vaginosis can cause complications, especially during pregnancy and childbirth. In addition, there is the possibility of cervical cancer and joining a lot more dangerous than the vaginosis infectious diseases, such as chlamydia or gonorrhea.
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