Fibrosis of the pancreas: symptoms and treatment
Cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, also called cystic fibrosis, refers to the system of hereditary disease, during which there is a certain mutation of the protein.
Protein involved in the transport of chloride ions through the cell membrane. As a result of mutations violations occur in the glands of external secretion and the glands make mucus and sweat, we can say that mucus is a mechanical barrier that protects organs from drying out and from infection by pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, the mucus moistens the organs.
With the development of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas, the mucus becomes thick and sticky consistency. She begins to accumulate in the excretory ducts of the pancreas, respectively, the obstruction of the ducts and instantly starts the reproduction of the bacteria, since there is no more cleaning functions.
Note that this is a hereditary disease does not lead to delays in development and mental disability.
The causes of the disease
The disease is caused by a defect in a single gene that controls the movement of salts in the body of the patient. This gene is located in chromosome pair 7, and cystic fibrosis of the pancreas began to develop, it is necessary that the child has received this gene from both parents.
If the child is born only with one pair of chromosomes of cystic fibrosis, he is a carrier of the disease. Subsequently, these people have no manifestations of cystic fibrosis but can pass this gene further by inheritance.
In accordance with statistics, about one in 9 people can be a carrier of this gene absolutely no clinical manifestations of the disease.
If the prospective parents are carriers of the gene, according to the statistics, one out of four babies born with the disease cystic fibrosis.
Symptoms and effects of cystic fibrosis
Signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas can vary from quite minor to quite severe clinical picture and severe manifestations. In some cases, can manifest several symptoms, and over time other symptoms appear or existing symptoms become worse, entering a stage of complications.
The first symptom that you notice, acts salty taste of the skin. Also pay attention to the long absence of defecation in a patient. Most of the rest of the symptoms begin to appear later and are completely dependent on the gene of cystic fibrosis will influence the digestive and reproductive system of the body.
In the digestive system of the patient a secret, the mucus of the pancreas, which contains great amount of enzymes todigestion, just not into the small intestines, where all these fragments must be activated.
As a result, the intestine no longer digest proteins, carbohydrates and fats. In the case of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas can cause constant loose stools, severe diarrhea and profuse gases. In addition, because of the constant internal intestinal fermentation, the stomach is inflated, and the patient experiences severe pain in the abdomen. In this case, you need a proper diet, is the same as Cystic fibrosis of the pancreas leads to the fact that begins to suffer the reproductive system of both men and women.
In the case of the male patients become infertile due to the fact that closed and there are no ducts through which sperm can travel from the testes to the penis. In women due to cystic fibromatosis increases the viscosity of mucus in the uterus, because of this, they experience serious difficulties with conception.
In addition, in the body because of the disease start to occur, systemic changes, and increased salt secretion, together with sweat, and the result is an imbalance in the mineral composition of the fluid in the blood.
On the background of the increased output of salt from the body, the patient may develop:
- Dehydration
- as a result of this condition is increased heart rate,
- fatigued
- it is possible to diagnose lowering blood pressure,
- disturbed mineral metabolism in the bones,
- developing osteoporosis and bone fragility.
Treatment
Primarily in the treatment of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas takes part low in fat and rich in protein diet. It is imperative that the power to make a fraction, the meal should be 4-6 times a day.
Along with a diet are appointed by the enzyme preparations, which should compensate for the insufficiency of pancreatic function. Such drugs include:
- Pancreatin,
- panzinorm,
- the were,
- festal,
- will soleim,
- amilasa
In order to thin out the thick and sticky mucous secret, is prescribed acetylcysteine. This drug belongs to the type of mucolytics.
If the patient has a significant loss of body weight to increasing power, you must assign the anabolic steroid hormones. Patients have to be under medical observation at least once in two months. Additionally, you will conduct koprologicheskih researches (analysis of feces).
These studies allow us to determine the degree of disorder of digestion, primarily violations relate to fat. On this background, the selected dose of medications enzyme wing. Diet similar to the one that is used if diagnosed with a cyst inthe right lobe of the liver.
However, patients with a diagnosis of cystic fibrosis of the pancreas are assigned multivitamin complexes, and also vitamins of group B.