Subcapsular cyst on kidney: treatment of right and left kidneys
Kidney tumors can manifest as cysts, this form of tumor is the most common. As a rule, the cyst is formed in the lower or upper part of the kidney. Education can resemble a ball or ellipse. The cyst is divided into the composite (complex) or simple (single-chamber). Renal cyst usually do not pose a risk to life because of a benign tumor.
A renal cyst is a neoplasm which is confined in a capsule and filled with fluid. Cyst in diameter almost never exceeds two inches, but there are large cysts, the size of which reaches up to 10 inches.
Classification of renal cysts
As mentioned above, renal cyst can be constructed. Simple cysts differencebut into 3 groups based upon their location. There are parapelvical, they are located in the area of gate kidney intraparenchymatous are in renal tissue and formation – formed under the renal capsule.
Medicine divides all the cysts into 4 categories, each of them reflects the degree of presence of malignancy in cystic tumors.
- The first category of benign cysts that are clearly visible with the help of computer, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound. Almost 70% of all cysts included in this group and do not require medical treatment.
- The second category characterizes the cyst with minor changes. Such a cyst is also benign, it rarely becomes malignant. Cyst second category has walls and calcium deposits in the partitions. The tumor does not grow more than three inches.
- The third category is a cyst with a large number of thin partitions, which may thicken or may contain in the walls of calcium. Cysts of this type are poorly diagnosed by ultrasound or x-ray examination, because there is no fabric component. As a rule, such a tumor does not exceed three inches. Cysts included in the third category must be under constant surveillance, and later they are removed surgically.
- Cysts of the fourth category are always deleted quickly. Such formations are jagged and many of the liquid inside. In the cyst accumulates a contrast agent, which indicates the presence of malignant cells.
What is a subcapsular cyst on the kidney?
Subcapsular cyst of kidney is a kind of solitary cysts. This cyst is a benign tumor, which is located under the renal capsule.
Within such a cyst filled with serous fluid, it has no connection with the Straits and constrictions. If the cyst appeared because of the injury, the serous fluid may be pus or blood.
Subcapsular cyst can be formed on onethe kidney, and on both. Diagnostic methods revealed the localization of the cyst.
Causes of cysts
The main reason for the occurrence of renal cyst appears to be increased growth of the epithelium that lines the renal tubules inside. The increase in the number of epithelial cells leads to dysfunction of the outflow of urine.
If one increases the renal tubules, disturbed interaction with the structures of the kidney as a result there is a cyst. Another cause of cysts is the necrosis of tissue cells, it may subsequently disappear.
Congenital cyst occurs because of defects in fetal development and the growth of epithelial tissue.
Subcapsules symptoms of renal cyst
Approximately 60% of patients have a cyst that does not show itself. Need to know what changes in health should pay attention and visit a doctor.
If there are dull aching lower back pain, this may indicate the kidney problems. The fact is that when the kidney increases its size to compress adjacent organs. It happens that the kidney uteruses due to the increase of fluid inside it.
One of the symptoms subcapsules kidney cysts is increase in blood pressure. If there is a cyst, you may begin the allocation of renina enzyme, which regulates blood pressure.
In addition, there is a possibility of violation of the outflow of urine or frequent infectious diseases of the urinary organs.
In the presence of the cyst, the pressure in the kidney is increased, which leads to the appearance of blood in the urine. Often there are seals in the abdomen. Most of the people with cysts, enlarged kidneys, which can be easily seen during palpation.
Diagnostic methods for determining the cysts in the kidney
Fetal cysts detected by ultrasound examination. About 15 weeks pregnant can know if the cysts in the fetus, their number, location, size and characteristics of the affected kidney.
Cysts, acquired over time, are also visible on ultrasound. To ensure the purity of the tumor, used computed tomography.
If the patient is allergic to contrast agent, the doctor prescribes a magnetic resonance tomography instead of computer. This method is slightly inferior to diagnostic CT due to inaccuracies in the detection of calcium in the walls of cysts.
Complications in the presence of a cyst in the kidney
Acquired cyst tends to degenerate into a malignant tumor. According to the statistics of such people is 30% higher than the probability of occurrence of cancer of the kidney than in healthy people. If the cyst will rupture, it can cause bleeding in the surrounding tissue and cavity.
Subcapsular a renal cyst should be undersupervision, otherwise, may appear bleeding and frequent urinary infections.
Medical treatment of cysts in the kidney
As a rule, such treatment is shown to reduce the severity of the symptoms and General improvement in the condition of the patient. For this purpose painkillers, drugs normalizing the pressure and eliminate the infection, as well as means for treatment of urolithiasis.
Patients with hereditary cysts are unable to concentrate urine through the kidneys, therefore, disturbed fluid and electrolyte balance.
Such people doctors recommend to write at least two liters of water per day. Moreover, hereditary cyst means that one must constantly take drugs that reduce blood pressure.
Women is extremely important to avoid infection. Any procedures using surgical instruments the organs of the urogenital system should be avoided, unless there is a great need. If found to be infection, antibiotics need to take lengthy courses, but on prescription.
Medical treatment of renal cyst involves antimicrobial therapy and taking pain medications. In this case, an antibiotic is prescribed not to be an inflammatory process.
Outpatient therapy
Is retrograde intrarenal surgery or drainage with sclerotherapy. Selecting one of the two methods depends on the size of the cyst. The second method is indicated for the treatment of cysts of small size.
The essence drain is that the doctor is a long, thin needle draws fluid from cyst, then it introduces a substance which glues the wall. Such interference is one of the most safe methods of treatment of cysts. After drainage and sklerozirovanie the patient may not go to the hospital and to go home.
Retrograde intrarenal surgery uses a laser-dissecting the shell of the cyst. To minimize the appearance of scar at the incision site, in the kidney, the doctor inserts a thin tube, which is removed only in outpatient conditions. In the same way can be removed and a solitary cyst of the kidney.
Surgery. Laparoscopy
To remove the cyst is large in size often, the decision on surgical intervention. Recently the increasing distribution receives laparoscopic surgery. It lies in the fact that holes are made in the abdominal wall, through which is introduced a laparoscope and other tools. After the procedure people while under medical supervision.
Not all cysts need to be removed or drained. If there is evidence of subcapsular cysts, it is important to monitor its dynamics of development. Perhaps the tumor doesn't transformin the malignant state, and will not cause discomfort.