What is a mole and why they appear on the body
Moles can be of various color, size and other qualities. They can be found in the most unexpected places on the human body. Most of them can never remind myself of his master, and require no special care. But there are among them spots, seemingly harmless, but promising the man more dangerous. What is the mole really is and what to expect from a small and familiar brown tubercle?
Mole? No — birthmark
A huge number of people believe that mole is given forever, that is the person with her is born and it dies. It is a profound mistake. On the body of a newborn baby, these spots can be detected only in rare cases. The skin of the baby clean. The spots on his body appear after a few months. In medical terminology they are called nevi, from the Latin phrase naevus maternus.
Nevi are formed of cells called melanocytes. These cells accumulate the substance melanin, which is responsible for pigmentation. It is the presence of melanin and due to the color of a mole. Its color can be black, red, blue, brown, pink. From an ignorant person, then you probably have a question: "what is the difference from nevus birthmark?" The answer is very simple: with the birthmark people are born, and moles can appear and disappear without a trace throughout life.
In addition to a variety of shades and moles, and moles it is also the possession of different forms: angular, flat, convex, hanging, acute, subcutaneous, on the leg. The main number of moles appearing on a person's body from six months of age to 25 years.
The reasons for the formation of moles
Still not precisely determined the cause of moles, perhaps it is not there. But there is a group of factors that contributes to their appearance, and explains what a mole.
Heredity
Full information about the mole (species, location on the body size) is inherent in human DNA and transmitted it by inheritance from parents. After all, it is not surprising if the child will be a mole on the same place that the father or mother.
Ultraviolet radiation
The same as ordinary sunlight. The main condition for the formation of an entire group of moles is an excess of melanin. As you know, this substance is produced when exposed to ultraviolet light. Therefore, those who loves to tan to chocolate in colour, often notice the appearance on your body new moles. The same applies to those who prefer to sunbathe in the Solarium.
Viruses and injuries
Most dermatologists believes that the direct cause of the occurrence of moles is injury to the skin. The normal bite of any insectleaves for a long time on the body mark, which can be the early development of naevus. No less dangerous virus infection, for example, papilloma.
Hormone levels
Produced by the pituitary gland a hormone that affects the increased formation of melanin. The increase in pituitary activity observed in adolescence at the time of puberty the body and in pregnant women. Therefore, in such cases do not be surprised appearance of tumors, and to ask what the mole on the background of hormonal imbalance. The appearance of moles during this period – quite a natural process. Pregnant women also occur on the palms, soles, genitals.
Moles challenging From the preceding species differ in that always rise above the surface of the skin. The color of the complex mole is very dark. Melanocytes are formed in the dermis and epidermis.
Intradermal nevus the Color of these moles is the most diverse corporal from light to almost coal-black. They may have volosistoe or be completely smooth.
Nevi Cotton what features are of this type of moles. The main difference is visible to the naked eye unpainted circular area of skin around the nevus. In very rare cases, this tumor may transform into a malignant tumor. But the amazing thing is that this nevus can unexpectedly disappear, as will appear. This is another mystery of the human body.
Dysplastic nevi, these moles more than one centimeter in diameter. The outlines they have blurred, and their shape is not limited. The colour of the nevus is red, but shades may be different themselves. Appear most often in people with a genetic predisposition. Commonly found on the chest and the buttocks and it can be also additionally, there are giant congenital nevus covering any part of the body. This can be the chest, face or limb.
Medium and small moles completely safe. The degeneration to malignancy is very rare. But large and giant nevi in half of the cases cause serious problems. The holders of such spots should regularly be examined oncodermatology. We can go ten — does your mole the risk of skin cancer.
Nevi acquired
Acquired nevi — individual genetic characteristics of a person. The process of active movements of the pigment cells from the bowels of the skin on the surface there is a person in early childhood. In the area of nevi are classified into:
- the epidermal (cells-melanocytes are concentrated in the epidermis — the upper skin layer);
- interdermal(accumulation of melanocytes occurs in a deep layer of skin — the dermis);
- edge (melanocytes accumulate at the border of epidermis and dermis).
Acquired nevi carry a hidden danger of melanoma. Therefore, in most cases, they will be deleted. In dermatology there are the following types of dangerous melanomas:
- Melanosis Dubras.
- Intradermal pigmented nevus.
- Papillomatous nevus.
- Blue nevus.
- Pigmented nevus giant.
- "Mongolian spot".
- Nevus Of OTA.
- Fibroepithelial nevus.
- Edge pigmented nevus.
- Verrucous nevus.
If the mole suddenly appeared damaged or it has changed in its structure, size, color, or developed a lump under a mole, you should immediately seek the advice of a dermatologist. Try to treat the nevus and even more to remove it, is strictly prohibited! It should be remembered that the price paid for treatment of "grandmother's recipes" can cost a man's life.