Seborrhea of the scalp and how to treat, signs and photos
Seborrhea inflammation of the sebaceous glands of the scalp due to changes in the volume of products their secretions or a change in the qualitative composition of sebum.
Seborrhea of the upper layers of skin thicken, Shine appears, develops peeling. Pathology covers the areas of skin that are as rich in sebaceous glands. This is the back of the nose, forehead, upper back, scalp, front chest, earlobes and the cartilage of the ears, nasolabial area. With the defeat of the scalp, there is an increased hair loss, thinning them.
The types of seborrhea
- Dry seborrhea.
Observed in reduced production of sebum. This seborrhea is manifested by dryness of the scalp. Symptoms — the patients there small dandruff, the hair becomes brittle and dry.
- Oily seborrhea.
Is characterized by elevated soobrajeniam. For oily seborrhea characteristic shiny hair, oily scalp and hair. Symptoms — there is an abundant amount of krupnoplastinchatam of dandruff.
Seborrhea of mixed type.
Develops when the combination between the first 2 types of seborrhea (e.g., dry face and oily in the scalp area of the head).
In Latin the term "seborrhea" is translated as excess production of sebum. With sebum the glands of external secretion excrete fatty acids, and proteins unnecessary to him.
The function of sebum in maintaining skin health
Sebum performs a number of necessary body functions:
- — has a protective effect, prevents the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms through the skin into the body,
- — has a soothing effect on the skin, hydrates it, prevents flaking, the appearance on its surface cracks,
- — prevents pathological dryness of the epidermis because it evenly coats the natural thin film.
It is a mistake to believe that the sebaceous and sweat glands perform the same function and equally engaged in the production and excretion of sebum. His production engaged exclusively in the sebaceous glands, sweat also excrete sweat. On the surface of the human body a large number of sebaceous glands. For the rich, their anatomical zones, there are several hundred of these glands on 1 square centimeter.
The causes of seborrhea
Medicine don't know all the exact causes of this disease. However, a number of factors that affect the sebaceous glands, managed to install. For example, the physiological seborrhea adolescence is associated with a sharp increase in the blood concentration of sex hormones. Special treatment in these cases is notrequired. Once the level of hormones stabiliziruemost, the sebaceous glands of the skin again to normal.
To contribute to the development of seborrhea:
- — genetic factors.
The work of all organs and systems of the body lies at the genetic level. So often seborrhea is a family disease, when multiple family members simultaneously, are suffering from its manifestations;
- — hormonal factors.
To a greater extent seborrhea sick men. This is due to the high content in their blood androgens male sex hormones that stimulate increased production of sebum. In some cases, the sudden appearance of seborrhea can be a symptom of tumors of the testis (seminoma).
Those suffering from the disease of women is often detected elevated levels of progesterone in the blood, increasing the concentration of male sex hormones.
But the concentration of female sex hormones (estrogens) in the blood is greatly reduced. Therefore, the appearance of seborrhea women should study of hormonal. Often during the examination diagnosed polycystic ovaries and other hormone-dependent diseases.
In some cases, seborrhea is diagnosed in individuals taking anabolic drugs (hormones for muscle growth) and hormonal contraceptives.
While reducing the level of sex hormones occurs seborrhea dry. Often it is diagnosed in younger children;
- — the condition of other organs and systems.
Violation of the function of sebaceous glands is often observed in the failure of various internal organs. Seborrhea is diagnosed in individuals with Parkinson's disease, patients with malignant growths in the adrenal glands, cancer of the genital organs. Seborrhea can occur on the background of epilepsy or psychiatric disorders.
The main signs and symptoms of seborrhea
Seborrhea added to a number of diseases with a chronic nature of the flow. It is characterized by symptoms in the form of alternating periods of exacerbation with periods of improvement or complete disappearance of symptoms. The exception is seborrhea puberty. In this case it is caused by physiological features of the growing organism and with time passing on their own without any therapy.
Oily seborrhea
Appears oily, shiny skin on the scalp. Enlarged pores give it the appearance of orange peel.
Viscosity of produced sebum release:
- — seborrhea of the head with a thick secret in which a secret has a detachable viscous, testopodobnymi consistency
- — seborrhea of the scalp with a liquid secret, which separate the secret is less viscous, has a paste consistency.
Areasproblematic, oily skin of the patient are always located in places of high concentration of sebaceous glands.
A true symptom of seborrhea is dandruff. It is formed separated from the Horny scales of the epidermis, which is soaked with excess sebum and clump together into flakes. As a result, people with seborrhea, suffer from a constant greasy hair and abundant large flakes of dandruff.
Complications oily seborrhea
The most common complications of seborrhea include blockage of the excretory ducts of the sebaceous glands clots discharge secretions or particles of the epidermis. This leads to the appearance of skin acne, and with the accession of bacterial flora may purulent infection of the deeper layers of the skin.
Seborrheic dermatitis (seborrheic eczema) is an inflammation of the skin, developed as a result of bacterial decomposition of sebum and need to know how to cure seborrhea.
Dry seborrhea
Develops with reduced production of sebum. Most reduced their function occurs in children, rarely this type of seborrhea is diagnosed in adults. Its causes are still not fully established.
Due to insufficient amounts of sebum to the surrounding skin areas do not receive sufficient natural lubrication and experiencing dry. The skin in the lesions loses its elasticity and begins to crack. Detachment occurs the upper, Horny layer of the skin. When dry seborrhea hair look dry, become brittle, split ends on the tips.
Another symptom of seborrhea is the appearance in the affected areas of reddish-pink spots saborido.
At seborrhea, dry the patient feels a constant tightness of the skin. After washing your hair in cool water he raised itchy scalp. In addition, the patient noted the presence of small flakes of dandruff.
Combined form
At the mixed form are marked as bold the symptoms and signs of a dry type of seborrhea. For example, the face skin can have a greasy Shine, and scalp to be noted dryness.
The treatment of seborrhea
Therapeutic actions will be different depending on the type of disease, so, before you start treatment, you need to know how to treat seborrhea.
Modern medicine is based on the data, confirming the fungal origin of the disease. Therefore, great importance is given to the use of specific antifungal drugs.
Seborrhea of the scalp are assigned the shampoo with ketoconazole and zinc-containing and tar means on care of hair. A course their application is designed for not less than a month with regular use these tools twice a week. Further, such shampooscontinue to apply as a preventive measure twice a month.
With the defeat of the smooth leather used antifungal drugs topical exposure: ointments, creams, specialized solutions. They are used 1-2 times a week for a month.
In severe forms of seborrhoea (when there are significant foci of inflammation with a large layer of scales on the surface) recommended the use of exfoliating. The scales can be softened with oils or use other means (salicylic acid, egotistically drugs). After this exfoliation oblast seborrheic lesions should be treated with local antifungal drugs.
In cases of treatment failure recommended the local use of hormonal drugs. Antifungal agents are assigned inside a seven-day course (for example, ketoconazole 200mg/day, fluconazole 100 mg/day). In the complex treatment of periodontitis include vitamin therapy, antihistamines, sedatives, and tools that restore the intestinal microflora.